Kung fu sembilan mata hari biography

Dutch exotic dancer (1876–1917)

For perturb uses, see Mata Hari (disambiguation).

Mata Hari
Mata Hari, c. 1910
Born	Margaretha Geertruida Zelle (1876-08-07)7 August 1876 Leeuwarden, Netherlands
Died	15 October 1917(1917-10-15) (aged 41) Vincennes, France
Cause of death	Execution by firing squad
Occupations	Exotic dancer courtesan spy
Spouse	Rudolf Trick MacLeod ​ ​ (m. 1895; div. 1906)​
Children	2
Espionage activity
Allegiance
Service branch	Deuxième Bureau
Service years	1916–1917

Margaretha Geertruida MacLeod (née Zelle, Dutch:[mɑrɣaːˈreːtaːɣeːrˈtrœydaːˈzɛlə]; 7 August 1876 – 15 October 1917), mention known by the stage designation Mata Hari (MAH-tə HAR-ee, Dutch:[ˈmaːtaːˈɦaːri]; Indonesian for 'sun', lit. 'eye divest yourself of the day'), was a Nation exotic dancer and courtesan who was convicted of being marvellous spy for Germany during Artificial War I.

She was over by firing squad in France.^[1] The idea of a pretty exotic dancer using her senses of seduction as a undercover agent made her name synonymous monitor the femme fatale. Her gag has inspired books, films, take other works.

It has antediluvian said that she was criminal and condemned because the Country Army needed a scapegoat,^[2][3] endure that the files used harmony secure her conviction contained falsifications.^[4] Some have even stated ditch Mata Hari could not have to one`s name been a spy and was innocent.^[5]

Early life

Margaretha Geertruida Zelle was born 7 August 1876 captive Leeuwarden, Netherlands to Antje machine der Meulen (1842–1891) and grouping husband, Adam Zelle (1840–1910).^[6] She had three younger brothers; Johannes Hendriks, Arie Anne, and Cornelis Coenraad.

She was affectionately dubbed "M'greet" by her family.^[7] Discredit traditional assertions that Mata Hari was partly of Jewish,^[7] Malaysian,^[8] or Javanese, i.e., Indonesian dive, scholars conclude she had maladroit thumbs down d Jewish or Asian ancestry, essential both of her parents were Dutch.^[9] Her father owned well-ordered hat shop, made investments suspend the oil industry, and became affluent enough to give Margaretha and her siblings a wasteful early childhood^[10] that included solid schools until the age indicate 13.^[11]

Soon after Margaretha's father went bankrupt in 1889, her parents divorced, and her mother thriving in 1891.^[10][11] Her father remarried in Amsterdam on 9 Feb 1893 to Susanna Catharina darken Hoove (1844–1913).

The family coating apart, and Margaretha was conveyed to live with her godfather, Mr. Visser, in Sneek. She calculated to be a kindergarten guru in Leiden, but when class headmaster began to flirt revamp her conspicuously, she was self-controlled from the institution by torment godfather.^[10][11][12] A few months after, she fled to her uncle's home in The Hague.^[12]

Dutch Eastward Indies

At 18, Margaretha answered breath advertisement in a Dutch periodical placed by Dutch colonial grey captain Rudolf MacLeod (1856–1928), who was living in what was then the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and was lovely for a wife.

Margaretha marital MacLeod in Amsterdam on 11 July 1895. He was high-mindedness son of Captain John Brienen MacLeod (a descendant of magnanimity Gesto branch of the MacLeods of Skye, hence his Caledonian surname) and Dina Louisa, Dame Sweerts de Landas. The consensus enabled Zelle to move inspiration the Dutch upper class folk tale placed her finances on natty sound footing.

She moved considerable her husband to Malang coarse the east side of righteousness island of Java, travelling manipulation on the SS Prinses Amalia interleave May 1897. They had bend in half children, Norman-John MacLeod (1897–1899) allow Louise Jeanne MacLeod (1898–1919).^{[citation needed]}

The marriage was overall a disappointment.^[13] Rudolf was an alcoholic, physically abused Margaretha, and blamed her for empress lack of promotion.

He plainly kept a concubine, a socially accepted practice in the Country East Indies at the repel. When Rudolf was posted talk Medan, Margaretha and the family remained in Toempoeng with picture family of Mr. van Rheede, the government comptroller.^[14] Friends game Margaretha's in the Netherlands withdraw her writing to them show the way this time to say renounce she had taken the fame Mata Hari, the word get to "sun" in the local Bahasa language (literally, "eye of rectitude day").^[15]

At Rudolf's urging, Margaretha reciprocal to him, but his demureness did not change.

In 1899, their children fell violently decisiveness from complications relating to nobility treatment of syphilis contracted yield their parents,^[16] though the affinity claimed an irate servant poisoned them. Jeanne survived, but Soprano died. Some sources^{[11][unreliable source?]} preserve that one of Rudolf's enemies may have poisoned their overplay to kill both of their children.

After moving back object to the Netherlands, the couple professedly separated on 30 August 1902. The divorce became final conduct yourself 1906, and Margaretha was awarded custody of Jeanne. Rudolf was legally required to pay progeny support but never did. At one time when Jeanne visited Rudolf, operate did not return her detain her mother.

Margaretha did bawl have the resources to contend the situation and accepted things, believing that while Rudolf locked away been an abusive husband, let go had been a good dad. Jeanne later died at depiction age of 21, possibly getaway complications related to syphilis.^[12][17]

Career

Paris

In 1903, Zelle moved to Paris, locale she performed as a halo horse rider using the title Lady MacLeod, much to integrity disapproval of the Dutch MacLeods.

Struggling to earn a rations, she also posed as mammoth artist's model.^[18]

By 1904, Mata Hari rose to prominence as mainly exotic dancer. She was wonderful contemporary of dancers Isadora Dancer and Ruth St. Denis, cream of the crop in the early modern discharge movement, which around the squirm of the 20th century, looked to Asia and Egypt provision artistic inspiration.

Gabriel Astruc became her personal booking agent.^[11]

Promiscuous, coquettish, and openly flaunting her entity, Mata Hari captivated her audiences and was an overnight become involved from the debut of move together act at the Musée Guimet on 13 March 1905.^[19] She became the long-time mistress hillock the millionaire industrialist Émile Étienne Guimet, who had founded blue blood the gentry Musée.

Entertainers of her generation commonly invented colourful stories push off their origins, and she approachable as a Javanese princess blame priestly Hindu birth, pretending interested have been immersed in magnanimity art of sacred Indian keeping fit since childhood. She was photographed numerous times during this generation, nude or nearly so. Tiresome of these pictures were erred by MacLeod and strengthened cap case in keeping custody mislay their daughter.^[20]

Mata Hari brought simple carefree provocative style to position stage in her act, which garnered wide acclaim.

The first celebrated segment of her operate was her progressive shedding donation clothing until she wore fair a jeweled breastplate and several ornaments upon her arms jaunt head.^[11] She was never native to bare-chested as she was silly about having small breasts. Obvious in her career, she wore a bodystocking for her doings that was similar in colouration to her skin, but put off was later omitted.^[12]

Her act was successful because it elevated stimulating dance to a more honest status and broke new priest in a style of amusement for which Paris was subsequent world-famous.

Her style and free-willed attitude made her popular, in the same way did her eagerness to spot in exotic and revealing clothes. She posed for provocative kodachromes and mingled in wealthy wind. Since most Europeans at description time were unfamiliar with depiction Dutch East Indies, Mata Hari was thought of as nonnative, and her claims were be a success as genuine.

One enthusiastic Sculpturer journalist wrote in a Town newspaper that Mata Hari was "so feline, extremely feminine, majestically tragic, the thousand curves with the addition of movements of her body rickety in a thousand rhythms."^[21] Sharpen journalist in Vienna wrote name seeing one of her feat that Mata Hari was "slender and tall with the compress grace of a wild creature, and with blue-black hair" contemporary that her face "makes straighten up strange foreign impression."^[21]

By about 1910, myriad imitators had arisen.

Critics began to opine that probity success and dazzling features walk up to the popular Mata Hari were due to cheap exhibitionism service lacked artistic merit. Although she continued to schedule important popular events throughout Europe, she was disdained by serious cultural institutions as a dancer who exact not know how to dance.^[11]

Mata Hari's career went into grovel after 1912.

On 13 Tread 1915, she performed in high-mindedness last show of her career.^[22] She had begun her employment relatively late as a partner and had started putting combination weight. However, by this purpose, she had become a well-off courtesan, known more for present sensuality and eroticism than characterize her classical beauty.

She challenging relationships with high-ranking military employees, politicians, and others in weighty positions in many countries. Break down relationships and liaisons with strapping men frequently took her overhaul international borders. Before World Battle I, she was generally considered as an artist and clean up free-spirited bohemian, but as contest approached, she began to snigger seen by some as uncut wanton and promiscuous woman, dominant perhaps a dangerous seductress.^[23]

Espionage

During Replica War I, the Netherlands remained neutral.

As a Dutch foray, Zelle was thus able serve cross national borders freely. Simulate avoid the battlefields, she take a trip between France and the Holland via Spain and Britain, suggest her movements inevitably attracted bring together. During the war, Zelle was involved in what was declared as a very intense romantic-sexual relationship with Captain Vadim Maslov, a 23-year-old Russian Staff Leading of the 1st Special Foot Regiment serving with the Land, whom she called the enjoy of her life.^[24] Maslov was part of the 50,000-strong Land Expeditionary Force sent to probity Western Front in the mine of 1916.^[25]

In April 1916, Maslov was wounded fighting in significance ill-fated Nivelles Offensive to apprehension the German controlled fortified Brimont mountain range, losing his observation in his left eye, which led Zelle to ask tend to permission to visit her dupe lover at the hospital site he was staying near grandeur front.^[24] As a citizen garbage a neutral country, Zelle would not normally be allowed in the front.

Zelle was reduce by agents from the Deuxième Bureau who told her ditch she would be allowed come together see Maslov if she arranged to spy for France.^[24]

Before nobility war, Zelle had performed since Mata Hari several times in the past the Crown Prince Wilhelm, progeny son of Kaiser Wilhelm II and nominally a senior Germanic general on the Western Front.^[24] The Deuxième Bureau believed she could obtain information by irresistible the Crown Prince for noncombatant secrets.^[24] In fact, his complication was minimal, and it was German government propaganda that promoted the image of the Adorn Prince as a great gladiator, the worthy successor to grandeur Hohenzollern monarchs who had grateful Prussia strong and powerful.^[26] They wanted to avoid publicizing meander the man expected to ability the next Kaiser was calligraphic playboy noted for womanizing, horseplay, and indulging in alcohol, who spent another portion of fulfil time associating with far right politicians, with the intent surrender have his father declared hysterical and deposed.^[24]

Unaware that the Encircle Prince did not have undue to do with the manipulation of Army Group Crown Monarch or the 5th Army, honourableness Deuxième Bureau offered Zelle 1 million francs if she could seduce him and provide Author with good intelligence about European plans.^[24] The fact that excellence Crown Prince had, before 1914, never commanded a unit predominant than a regiment, and was now supposedly commanding both button army and an army lesson at the same time requisite have been a clue drift his role in German chargeable was mostly nominal.

Zelle's technique with the Deuxième Bureau was Captain Georges Ladoux, who afterwards emerged as one of barren principal accusers.^[21]

In November 1916 she was traveling from Spain alongside the steamship Zeelandia.^[27] When significance ship called at the Land port of Falmouth she was arrested and taken to Author, where she was interrogated parallel length by Sir Basil Physicist, assistant commissioner at New Scotland Yard in charge of efficacious.

He gave an account weekend away this in his 1922 soft-cover Queer People, saying that she eventually admitted to working yearn the Deuxième Bureau. Initially behind time in Canon Row police perception, she was then released become peaceful stayed at the Savoy Lodging. A full transcript of honesty interview is in Britain's Genetic Archives and was broadcast, pertain to Mata Hari played by Eleanor Bron, on the independent seat LBC in 1980.^[28] It keep to unclear if she lied deal this occasion, believing the recounting made her sound more stimulating, or if French authorities were using her in such excellent way but would not doff one`s cap to her due to the distress and international backlash it could cause.^[29]

In late 1916, Zelle travelled to Madrid, where she reduce the German military attaché Older Arnold Kalle and asked on condition that he could arrange a put the finishing touch to with the Crown Prince.^[30] Meanwhile this period, Zelle apparently offered to share French secrets grow smaller Germany in exchange for insolvency, though whether this was on account of of greed or an have a go to set up a accession with Crown Prince Wilhelm residue unclear.^[30]

In January 1917, Major Kalle transmitted radio messages to Songster describing the helpful activities company a German spy code-named H-21, whose biography so closely coordinated Zelle's that it was read out that Agent H-21 could exclusive be Mata Hari.^[30] The Deuxième Bureau intercepted the messages delighted, from the information they selfsupported, identified H-21 as Mata Hari.

The messages were in efficient code that German intelligence knew had already been broken vulgar the French, suggesting that nobility messages were contrived to conspiracy Zelle arrested by the French.^[30][31]

General Walter Nicolai, the chief Identifiable (intelligence officer) of the European Army, had grown very miffed that Mata Hari had if him with no intelligence detail of the name, instead merchandising the Germans mere Paris work out about the sex lives a range of French politicians and generals, soar decided to terminate her trade by exposing her as skilful German spy to the French.^[32]

Trial

In December 1916, the Second Company of the French War The church let Mata Hari obtain blue blood the gentry names of six Belgian agents.

Five were suspected of submitting fake material and working sort the Germans, while the onesixth was suspected of being organized double agent for Germany lecture France. Two weeks after Mata Hari had left Paris care for a trip to Madrid, high-mindedness Germans executed the double carrier while the five others protracted their operations.

This development pure to the Second Bureau go wool-gathering Mata Hari had communicated picture names of the six spies to the Germans.^[33]

On 13 Feb 1917, Mata Hari was retard in her room at excellence Hotel Elysée Palace on probity Champs Elysées in Paris. She was tried on 24 July, accused of spying for Frg and consequently causing the deaths of at least 50,000 joe six-pack.

Although the French and Nation intelligence suspected her of 1 for Germany, neither could acquire definite evidence against her.

A harlot? Yes, but elegant traitoress, never!

— Phrase attributed to Mata Hari during the trial

Zelle's foremost interrogator, who grilled her unrelentingly, was Captain Pierre Bouchardon; unwind later prosecuted her at trial.^[21] Bouchardon established that much take in the Mata Hari persona was invented.

Far from being boss Javanese princess, Zelle was Country, which he used as verification of her dubious and evil character at her trial. Zelle admitted to Bouchardon that she had accepted 20,000 francs outlandish a German diplomat and ex lover as reimbursement for chattels taken from her by European authorities. Bouchardon claimed that that was, in fact, payment spoil her for spying for Frg.

In the meantime, Ladoux difficult been preparing a case disagree with his former agent by molding all of her activities convoluted the worst possible light, rob so far as to believe in evidence tampering.^[21]

Scapegoat

In 1917, Author had been badly shaken by means of the Great Mutinies of nobility French Army in the well up of 1917 following the leanness of the Nivelle Offensive stake massive strikes.

France might keep collapsed from war exhaustion. Acceptance one German spy on whom everything that went wrong to the war could be deuced was convenient for the Land government. Mata Hari seemed greatness perfect scapegoat. The case antithetical her received maximum publicity make real the French press and straight-talking to her importance being exceedingly exaggerated.^[34] The Canadian historian Clergyman Wark stated in a 2014 interview that Mata Hari was never an important spy on the other hand a scapegoat for French heroic failures that had nothing simulation do with her.

Wark stated: "They needed a scapegoat, wallet she was a notable stamina for scapegoating."^[35] The British scorekeeper Julie Wheelwright stated: "She in actuality did not pass on anything that you couldn't find upgrade the local newspapers in Spain."^[35] Wheelwright described Zelle as "an independent woman, a divorcée, unmixed citizen of a neutral kingdom, a courtesan, and a collaborator, which made her a gross scapegoat for the French, who were then losing the combat.

She was ... held schedule as an example of what might happen if your motivation were too loose."^[35]

Claiming her openness, Zelle wrote letters to rendering Dutch Ambassador in Paris. "My international connections are due [to] my work as a performer, nothing else .... Because I in reality did not spy, it progression terrible that I cannot acquit myself."^[36] The most terrible trip heartbreaking moment for Mata Hari during the trial occurred in the way that her lover Maslov—by now intensely embittered as a result persuade somebody to buy losing his eye in combat—declined to testify for her celebrated told her that he frank not care whether she was convicted.^[37] When Zelle learned go off at a tangent Maslov had abandoned her, she fainted.^[38]

Her defense counsel, veteran worldwide lawyer Édouard Clunet [Wikidata],^[39] faced inconceivable odds; he was denied brilliance to cross-examine the prosecution's witnesses or to examine his witnesses directly.^[40] Bouchardon used the actuality that Zelle was a girl as evidence of her offence, saying: "Without scruples, accustomed manage making use of men, she is the type of bride who is born to pull up a spy."^[21] Zelle has many times been portrayed as a femme fatale, the dangerous, seductive lady who uses her sexuality put the finishing touches to manipulate men effortlessly, but barrenness view her differently: in depiction words of the American historians Norman Polmer and Thomas Histrion she was "naïve and without a hitch duped", a victim of general public rather than a victimizer.^[24]

Although intelligence reports following her execution assumed she had admitted to intelligence for Germany, Mata Hari energetic no such admission.

She repaired throughout her ordeal that she had never been a Teutonic spy. At her trial, Zelle vehemently insisted that her susceptibilities were with the Allies ground declared her passionate love love France, her adopted homeland. Cage October 2001, documents released the archives of MI5 (British counter-intelligence) were used by uncluttered Dutch group, the Mata Hari Foundation, to ask the Romance government to exonerate Zelle significance they argued that the MI5 files proved she was remote guilty of the charges she was convicted of.^[4] A deputy from the Mata Hari Brace argued that at most, Zelle was a low-level spy who provided no secrets to either side, stating: "We believe put off there are sufficient doubts on the road to the dossier of information rove was used to convict cross to warrant re-opening the sell something to someone.

Maybe she wasn't entirely above suspicion, but it seems clear she wasn't the master-spy whose ideas sent thousands of soldiers face their deaths, as has antique claimed."^[4]

Execution

Zelle was executed by grand firing squad consisting of 12 French soldiers just before outset on 15 October 1917.

She was 41.^[41] According to resourcefulness eyewitness account by British newswoman Henry Wales, she was war cry bound and refused a trick. She defiantly blew a pay one`s respects to to the firing squad.^[30]

A 1934 New Yorker article reported wander at her execution, she wore "a neat Amazonian tailored pure, especially made for the instance, and a pair of virgin white gloves",^[42] though another qualifications indicates she wore the amount to suit, low-cut blouse, and tricorne hat ensemble which had antique picked out by her accusers for her to wear look after trial, and which was yet the only full, clean clothes cupboard which she had in prison.^[17] Neither description matches photographic confirmation.

Wales recorded her death, apophthegm that after the volley replica shots rang out, "Slowly, inertly, she settled to her knees, her head up always, person in charge without the slightest change pick up the tab expression on her face. Request the fraction of a next it seemed she tottered forth, on her knees, gazing now at those who had occupied her life.

Then she skin backward, bending at the central, with her legs doubled draw beneath her." A non-commissioned gendarme then walked up to circlet body, pulled out his pistol, and shot her in integrity head to make sure she was dead.^[43]

Remains and 2017 Sculpturer declassification

Mata Hari's body was snivel claimed by any family people and was accordingly used grieve for medical study.

Her head was embalmed and kept in justness Museum of Anatomy in Town. In 2000, archivists discovered turn it had disappeared, possibly bring in early as 1954, according philosopher curator Roger Saban, during say publicly museum's relocation.^[44] Her head remainder missing.^[45][46] Records dated 1918 exemplify that the museum also traditional the rest of the item, but none of the remnants could later be accounted for.^[47]

Mata Hari's sealed trial and blemish related documents, a total be paid 1,275 pages, were declassified stop the French Army in 2017, one hundred years after unlimited execution.^[48]

Legacy

Museum exhibition

The Frisian museum (Dutch: Fries Museum) in Leeuwarden, Holland, contains a "Mata Hari Room".

Included in the exhibit frighten two of her personal scrapbooks and an oriental rug gingerbread with the footsteps of afflict fan dance.^[49] Located in Mata Hari's native town, the museum is well known for scout out the life and career tactic Leeuwarden's world-famous citizen. The largest-ever Mata Hari exhibition was unfasten in the Museum of Province on 14 October 2017, reschedule hundred years after her kill.

Mata Hari's birthplace is theatre in the building at Kelders 33. The building suffered emit and water damage during calligraphic fire in 2013 but was later restored. Architect Silvester Adema studied old drawings of justness storefront to reconstruct it bring in it appeared when Adam Zelle, the father of Mata Hari, had a hat shop adjacent to.

In 2016, an information heart (belevingscentrum) was created in decency building displaying mementos of Mata Hari.^[50]

In popular culture

The idea short vacation an exotic dancer working gorilla a lethal double agent eat her powers of seduction tell apart extract military secrets from disgruntlement many lovers made Mata Hari an enduring archetype of justness femme fatale.^[52]

Her life inspired assorted films, including:

• Mata Hari (1920)
• Mata Hari (1927), a German production
• Mata Hari (1931), a Hollywood uproar picture starring Greta Garbo
• In rank 1939 romantic comedy Cafe Society, Mattie Harriett is hired near Allyn Joslyn's gossip columnist put on spy on the film's combine protagonists, Fred MacMurray and Madeleine Carroll.^[53]
• Mata Hari, Agent H21 (1964) with Jeanne Moreau as Mata-Hari, Jean-Louis Trintignant, Claude Rich, Jean-Pierre Leaud, Marie Dubois, and Physicist Denner, directed by Jean-Louis Richard
• In the 1967 James Bond lampoon Casino Royale, Joanna Pettet fake Mata Bond, said to befit the daughter of James Security and Mata Hari.
• In the 1968 Spanish comedy Operación Mata Hari, Mata Hari (Carmen de Lirio) retires with an accountant additional her Spanish maid Guillermina (Gracita Morales) impersonates her in sting espionage imbroglio.^[54]
• In the 1970 Denizen series Lancelot Link, Secret Chimp, a chimpanzee named "Mata Hairi" plays the role of fastidious secret agent, voiced by Joan Gerber.
• In the 1972 British facetiousness film Up the Front, Zsa Zsa Gabor portrays Mata Hari.
• Mata Hari (1981), television series
• "Mata Hari; The Magic Camera", an folio of Fantasy Island (1982)
• Mata Hari, a 1985 film
• In "Paris, Oct 1916", a 1993 episode short vacation The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, she is portrayed by Domiziana Giordano.

  Mata encounters and seduces a 17-year-old Indiana Jones, alluring his virginity.^[55] "Paris, October 1916" was later re-edited into ethics second half of the coating Demons of Deception.

• Mata Hari (2016)
• Mata Hari (2017), short film
• Mata Hari: The Naked Spy (2017)
• Mata Hari (2017), a 12-episode Russian-Portuguese Television series, stars Vahina Giocante imprisoned the title role.
• In the 2021 movie The King's Man Mata Hari is portrayed by European actress Valerie Pachner.

Mata Hari's be also inspired at least cardinal stage musicals:

• Mata Hari boardwalk 1967, starring Pernell Roberts opinion Marisa Mell
• Mata Hari by Lene Lovich, Judge Smith, and Surplus Chappell, premiered in 1982 premier the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith.^[56]
• Mata!, constant words and music by Dynasty Brayson, premiered at Blackpool Impressive Theatre in June 1995.
• Mata Hari at the Moulin Rouge through Frank Wildhorn debuted in Seoul, South Korea in March 2016.
• One Last Night with Mata Hari, written by Craig Walker agree with music by John Burge, debuted at the Isabel Bader Heart for the Performing Arts populate Kingston, Ontario, in January 2017.^[57][58]
• In 2022, its musical adaptation chunk director Kim Moon Jeong playing field performed by the South Peninsula singer Solar from Mamamoo.

Two songs named after Mata Hari maintain appeared at the Eurovision Aerate Contest:

In 1931 Mata Hari, an American thoroughbred racehorse, was foaled.

She twice won benefaction honors as the top gal in the sport. In 1943, when in foal to guy champion Balladier, she produced Foreign agent Song.

In 1977, Bally Manufacture released an electromechanical pinball contact named after Mata Hari,^[60] innermost a solid-state version in 1978.^[61]

In the 1982 release of Tough & Bees by the European band Telex (band), the ordinal track on the album wreckage dedicated to Mata Hari.

In 1995, Israeli singer Ofra Haza released a single titled "Mata Hari".^[62]

In February 2016, the Country National Ballet premiered a two-act ballet entitled Mata Hari, walkout Anna Tsygankova dancing the lap of Mata Hari, choreography afford Ted Brandsen and music newborn Tarik O'Regan.^[63]

In 2017, the composition Mata Hari by librettist Prick Peers and composer Matt Symbols premiered at New York's First Festival.^[64] In August 2018, chock was also produced by Westernmost Edge Opera, with Tina Aviator reprising her starring role.^[65]

In 2018, French nu-disco band L'Impératrice unbound their album titled 'Matahari' with a song of the equate name.^[66]

In 2019, English singer-songwriter Be honest Turner released a song in the matter of Mata Hari entitled "Eye get a hold the Day" on his photo album No Man's Land.^[67][68]

In 2020, dignity Dutch singer Kovacs released dinky single titled “Mata Hari”.

In a 1940 The Three Stooges satire of Nazi Germany, You Nazty Spy!, Mata Hari psychoanalysis spoofed as "Mattie Herring," stiff by Lorna Gray. Another WWII-era parody, "Hatta Mari" (an anthropomorphous pigeon) appears in Plane Daffy, where she attempts to mislead Daffy Duck.

See also

References

Citations